Phoenix Islands

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Phoenix Islands[1] or Rawaki are a group of eight atols and two immersed sea corals located in the Pacific Ocean eastward of the Gilbert Islands and westward of the Lineage Islands. You belong to the Republic of Kiribati. They became the scene of the last British Empire settlement scheme's recent settlement by the Phoenix Islands in the 1930'.

Founded in 2008, the Phoenix Islands Protection Area is one of the biggest conservation areas in the word and is home to around 120 types of corals and more than 500 of them. Non-incorporated Baker Island and Howland Island are often regarded as northern runaways of the group in the geographic context.

However, Howland and Baker are statistics combined with the minor emerging countries of the United States. All the Phoenix Isles were previously under the Guano lslands Act. Tarawa Treaty has approved all US demands on the Phoenix Isles, except Baker and Howland. In different periods, the island was part of the Gilbert Group (formerly known as Kingsmill).

For this archipelago, the name Phoenix seems to have been established in the 1840' after an isle of this name within the group. It is probable that Phoenix Iceland was called after one of the many whalers of this name who used to name these water bodies in the early nineteenth c... Phoenix is a group of eight archipelagos with a total area of 28 km2 in the Pacific Ocean, just to the north of Samoa.

Abariringa ( "canton") Iceland is the only important economic area. They are Enderbury, Rawaki (formerly Phoenix), Manra (formerly Sydney), Birnie, McKean, Nikumaroro (formerly Gardner) and Orona (formerly Hull). Entry to the lagoon of Canton Iceland. Canton, or Abariringa Iceland, is the most northerly and only populated of the Phoenix Group.

Even today, the remnants of the airlines and army forces can still be seen on the archipelago. 41 people (as of 2005[update]) live there, most of them in deserted buildings occupied by the USA and Great Britain (1936-1976). Pearnie is a small, shallow reef with an area of about 20 hectare and a size of 1. Birnie is a nest for sea birds and is treeless and overgrown with low bushes and weed.

In contrast to most other Phoenix Islands, Birnie does not seem to have been worked for or otherwise exploit by people. Manra was chosen in 1938 as one of three for the Phoenix Islands Settlement Scheme, the last extension of the British Empire. Orona, or Hull Island, is about 8.8 x 4 km and, like Canton, is a small strip of countryside that surrounds a large lake with a depth of 15-20 metres.

At the east tip of the archipelago there is an old Steinmarae, together with remains of dugouts, tombs and other fortresses. Unlike Manra, Orona does not seem to have been worked for Gueno, but became a coir orchard and part of the Phoenix Islands Settlement Scheme. Nikumaroro, or Gardner Iceland, is about 6 km long and 2 km broad and surrounds a large main camp.

There are large numbers of nesting bird species on the islands, once the head office of Gerald Gallagher, a UK colony commander who ran the Phoenix Islands Settlement Scheme. On Nikumaroro, Gallagher passed away in 1941 and was laid to rest on the isle ( "where his empty tomb is still visible, although his remnants were later taken to Tarawa).

Like the other atols in the development Nikumaroro was given up in 1963 because of the shortage of freshwater and the decreasing Kopra markets on the isle. "``Fenix Iceland'' *2°35'S, 171°39'W "small and sand, three miles within circumference" "Mary Island" auf Nories Karte von 1825 ; "Barney's Iceland "*3°9'S, 171°41'W "a lagoon, twenty miles within circumference" "Birney's Iceland "3°30'S, 171°30'W "Discovered by Capt Emmert ;

located on maps " "gefunden auf Karten" "Sidney's Island "4°25'S, 171°20'W "Discovered by Cape Emmert ; gefunden auf Karten" "New Nantucket "0°11'N, 176°20'W "Not on charts" "Gardner's Island "4°30'S, 174°22'W "Not oncharts ; entdeckt von Captain located on maps " "gefunden auf Karten" "Sidney's Island "4°25'S, 171°20'W "Discovered by Cape Emmert ; gefunden auf Karten" "New Nantucket "0°11'N, 176°20'W "Not on charts" "Gardner's Island "4°30'S, 174°22'W "Not oncharts ; entdeckt von Captain located on located on maps " "gefunden auf Karten" "Sidney's Island "4°25'S, 171°20'W "Discovered by Cape Emmert ; gefunden auf Karten" "New Nantucket "0°11'N, 176°20'W "Not on charts" "Gardner's Island "4°30'S, 174°22'W "Not oncharts ; entdeckt von Captain located on maps " "gefunden auf Karten" "Sidney's Island "4°25'S, 171°20'W "Discovered by Cape Emmert ; gefunden auf Karten" "New Nantucket "0°11'N, 176°20'W "Not on charts" "Gardner's Island "4°30'S, 174°22'W "Not oncharts ; entdeckt von Captain located on Cap".".".". such as Birney's Island" Current accounts and advanced analyses give contradictory proof of the identity of the first explorers, a state made more difficult only by the countless titles of the antolls.

The McKean Island was the first of the Phoenix Group to be registered and designated. The hairdresser called it "Drummond's Island" and planned it at 3°40'S, 176°51'W. 23 ] It was later called'Arthur Island' and appears as such in the maps of the period at 3°30'S, 176°0'W. On August 19, 1840, it was charted by Commander Charles Wilkes of the US Exploring Expedition for a member of his crews and changed its name to McKean Island.

The majority of the Phoenix Isles were invaded by Great Britain at the end of the nineteenth centuary, although the United States invaded the Howland and Baker Isles in 1935 and the Phoenix Group was incorporated into the Gilbert and Ellice colonies in 1937. The United States asserted independence over Canton and Enderbury in 1938, and in 1939 Britain and the United States jointly controlled the two isles for 50 years as Canton and Enderbury Island's confederate state.

Despite being fired upon and bombarded several occasions during the Second World War, neither Canton nor any of the Phoenix Islands were ever invaded by the troops of Japan. Enderbury Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati. Accessed July 15, 2011. Birnie Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati. Accessed July 15, 2011. McKean Island, Phoenix Group.

Accessed July 15, 2011. Rawaki Islands - Rawaki. 24 July 2001. Accessed July 15, 2011. Phoenix Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati. Accessed July 15, 2011. Sydney Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati. Accessed July 15, 2011. Hull Island, Phoenix Group, Republic of Kiribati.

Accessed July 15, 2011. Accessed July 15, 2011. Accessed July 15, 2011. Accessed July 15, 2011. Accessed July 15, 2011. "The Canton of South Pacific Island." Accessed July 15, 2011. Ship' s Diary Collection, Phoenix, 7 November 1848 - 5 February 1853. Phoenix Islands Protected Area (PIPA)". Phoenixislands.org. Accessed July 15, 2011.

Jacobson, Randall S. "The American Equatorial and Phoenix Islands". Accessed March 23, 2013. UK heroic sailing ship rescues 24 hungry island dwellers on their journey to Australia.... and the name is Mr. Bond". Released September 23, 2014.