Johannesburg
Kyrgyzstanclass="mw-headline" id="Etymologie">Etymologie[edit]
It is a globally active capital known as an Alpine town, registered with the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Johannesburg had 4,434,827 inhabitants in 2011, making it the most densely populated town in South Africa. In the same year, the total number of inhabitants of the Johannesburg metropolitan area was estimated at 7,860,781.
Compared to other large towns, the city's surface area (1,645 km2) is large, resulting in a modest 2,364/km2 (6,120/sq mi) demographic area. It was founded in 1886 after the detection of silver on a former agricultural estate.
It is generally considered to be the El Dorado [by whom?], as the large goldmine is located along the edge of Witwater. The name is assigned to one or all three men who were part of the foundation of the town. A number of persons with the name "Johannes" were interested in the early beginnings of the town.
They include Christiaan Johannes Joubert, who was a member of the People's Council and the head of the Republic's Mountain Belly, and Hendrik Dercksen, the executive officer of the Inspector General's Bureau. Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger (better known as Paul Kruger), ZAR from 1883 - 1900, was another one.
Another option is Johannes Meyer, the first civil servant in the region. Rissik and Joubert were members of a mission to England to obtain mine privileges for the area. The Joubert had a garden in the town that bears his name and Rissik takes its name from one of the town' s major roads, which houses the historic but decayed Rissik Street post office.
13 ][14] The town hall is also on Rissik Street. Johannesburg was once populated by San. It was in the thirteenth centuries that groups of Bantu-speaking peoples began to move southward from mainland Africa and intervened in the San native populations. In the mid-18th centuries, the wider area was largely populated by various Sotho-Tswana societies (a language of Bantu speakers), whose settlements, cities, chieftains and empires range from present-day Botswana in the western part to present-day Lesotho in the southern part to the present-day Pedi areas of the northern province.
More precisely, the remains of the cities and hamlets of Sotho-Tswana, surrounded by stones, are spread over the parts of the former provincial territory of Johannesburg. Sotho Tswana cities and settlements in the areas around Johannesburg were often devastated and their peoples expelled during the Zululand War, during the latter eighteenth and early nineteenth century (the Matabele or Difecane Wars)[16], and as a consequence the Ndebele (often called the Matabele, as they are called by the locals of Sotho Tswana) established a realm in the north-west of Johannesburg around today's Rustenburg.
Large scale development of buildings took place in the 1930' after South Africa had abandoned the golden age. The new motorways promoted the expansion of the suburbs in the northern part of the town. Skyscrapers (including the Carlton Centre and the Southern Life Centre) fill the downtown shopping street streets in the early sixties and early seventies.
The 2010 FIFA World Cup finals took place in a fully renovated Soccer City Stadion in Johannesburg. Newtown' s redesign was unavoidable and part of the reasons why the city and the preservation authorities chose to preserve the facades of the old building and give it a new significance was because part of the area's overall identities was wrought in the old fortifications.
Everybody plays his role in the commercialization, the brand-building and the new identities of the district, the city, the preservation of historical monuments, the cultural protectors and the privately owned businesses. The city of Johannesburg lies in the east of South Africa's high-veld region at a height of 1,753 meters (5,751 ft).
Situated on the southside of the striking Afrikaans White Water's Reserve (Witwatersrand), the former Central Business District is a site that slopes towards the east and west. On the whole, the Witwatersrand forms the water divide between the Limpopo and Vaal River, as the Jukskei River drains the northerly part of the town, while the Klip River drains the southerly part of the town, which includes most of the Central Business District.
Hilly mounds are found in the northern and western parts of the town, while the east parts are more flat. Air photo of summers downpour over Johannesburg. From November to March afternoon, the city's weather regularly undergoes storm every day. % p.a. According to the South African National Census 2011, Johannesburg has 4,434,827 inhabitants.
Some 29% of Johannesburg inhabitants live in informally housing. Thirty-seven percent of urban dwellers are out of work. Ninety-one percent of the jobless are sub-Saharan. At home, 32% of Johannesburgers are Nguni speakers, 24% Sotho speakers, 18% English, 7% Afrikaans and 6% Tshivenda. Fifty-three per cent are among the main Christians, 24 per cent are not members of any organized religious group, 14 per cent are members of African independent religions, 3 per cent are Muslims, 1 per cent are Jews and 1 per cent are Hindus.
It has a large LDS Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints with around 48,112 members and had the first LDS temple in Africa made. Johannesburg's outskirts are the result of sprawling urbanization and regionalized into northern, southern, eastern and western areas, and they generally have different people.
Whereas the Central Business District and its immediate surroundings used to be desired residential areas, the housing of the outskirts has rather seen an escape from the town and its immediate surroundings. Downtown properties have been rented to lower incomes and irregular migrants, so deserted properties and criminality have become part of downtown lifestyle.
One of the city's immediate outskirts is Yeoville, a hotspot for dark nights despite its otherwise bad name. Most of the southern outskirts of the town are working classes districts and are nearer someownships. Western sub-urbs have struggled with the demise of the extractive industries in recent years, but in some cases have seen some revitalisation with the purchase of real estate by the indigenous centre group.
Most of the escape from the inner cities was received from the northerly outskirts of the town, with the town extending northward and several CBDs building in the direction of Pretoria in the northern part. Historically, the Northerly and North-Western outskirts have been the rich center, home to high quality retailers as well as several high-class neighborhoods such as Hyde Park, Sandhurst, Northcliff, Hurlingham, Bryanston and Houghton, where Nelson Mandela found his home.
Especially the northwestern part is pulsating and bustling, with the mostly dark outskirts of Sophiatown, once the center of politics, and Bohemian Melville with dining and music. The Auckland Park befinden sich die Zentralen der South African Broadcasting Corporation, der AFDA (The Southern African School of Motion Picture and Live Performance) und der University of Johannesburg.
Soweto, a town hall established during Apartheid, is located in the southwestern part of the downtown area. It is home to expelled Jewish blacks who live in areas intended for whites. Lenasia is located in the southern part of Johannesburg, a predominantly Asiatic quarter that was built especially for Asians during Apartheid. It is often referred to as Africa's commercial power plant and controversially as a contemporary and affluent town.
Johannesburg, like many metropolitan areas, has more than one CBD, encompassing but not restricted to Sandton, Rosebank and Roodepoort in addition to the CBD. The Johannesburg area is home to some of Africa's highest buildings, such as the Sentech Tower, Hillbrow Tower, Carlton Centre and Ponte City Apartments.
Johannesburg's cityscape has most of the continent's highest building and includes most of the world' s leading organizations such as IBM, Absa, BHP Billiton, Willis Group, First National Bank, Nedbank and Standard Bank. Hillbrow, the most heavily settled neighborhood in South Africa, lies north of the CBD. Johannesburg's park and garden are managed by Johannesburg City Parks and the Zoo.
It is also one of the city's main reasons for putting the city's many verdant tree species in the ground, making Johannesburg one of the "greenest" towns in the whole state. Estimates have it that there are six million tree species in the town, and the number is increasing every year - 1.2 million on footpaths and walkways and a further 4 million on the 4th floor.
54 ] City Parks continue to reinvest in tree growing, especially in the previously underprivileged areas of Johannesburg that did not benefit positively from Johannesburg besidesheid. The Johannesburg Botanical Garden, situated in the Emmarentia district, is a favourite theme garden and one of the liveliest motorways in Johannesburg. The main airport serving Johannesburg is OR Tambo Airport (formerly Johannesburg Airport and before Jan Smuts Airport) for both national and internationals.
The Lanseria Airport, situated in the northwest of the town and nearer to the economic centre Sandton, is used for trade missions to Cape Town, Durban, Port Elizabeth, Botswana and Sun City. The Rand Airport in Germiston is a small airport mainly used for privat airplanes and is home to the first Boeing 747 Classic from South African Airways, the Lebombo, which is now a flight show.
The Johannesburg region divides a net of metro lines with Krugersdorp and Ekurhuleni. Metrorail Gauteng links the centre of Johannesburg with Soweto, Pretoria and most satellites along the Witwatersrand. The Metrorail was already constructed in the early days of Johannesburg and includes only the older areas in the southern part of the town.
As part of the Gauteng province's Blue IQ project, Gautrain has established a high-speed railway connection between Johannesburg and Pretoria from the north to the south, and between Sandton and OR Tambo International Airport from the east to the east. Stops on the North-South line are Johannesburg Park Station (subway), Rosebank (subway), Sandton (subway), Marlboro (above and above ground), Midrand, Pretoria Station and Hatfield.
An extension of 200 kilometers is in progress and will include 3 new routes and 18 new stops, which may seem unimportant, but it is estimated that it will be 18 billion R and one line (Soweto Mamalodi) could take 6 years to construct, most of the new stops will be in Johannesburg.
The Johannesburg region is serviced by a coach network run by Metrobus, a business entity of the Johannesburg town. The company has a total of 550 individual and double-decker busses that serve 84 different urban itineraries. Itineraries include both the south and north outskirts, with the major road leading from Soweto to Sandton and Rosebank, as well as the feed and extension roads spanning most of Johannesburg, with the noteworthy exception of Midrand and Centurion.
Johannesburg's proximity to a large shipping area has led to the fact that land transport has been the most important means of transport of people and goods to and from the town. The Johannesburger Ringstrasse is one of the most popular "belt roads" in Africa. There are three motorways converging on the street to form an 80 kilometre loop: the Oriental Bypass connecting Johannesburg to Durban; the West Bypass connecting Johannesburg to Pretoria and Cape Town; and the South Bypass connecting Johannesburg to Witbank and Kimberley.
Despite its width of up to 12 carriageways, the Johannesburger Ring is often overloaded with people. 59 ] It is claimed[59][60] that the main highway in South Africa is the No1. Most motorways are linked to Johannesburg. It has the following numbers: M1, M3, M12, M14, M17, M21, M24 and M59 which all lead to Johannesburg.
M1 and M2 motorways were constructed to steer transport towards the inner town. Reef City Gold, a live mining site, was initially part of the Crown Mines Complex, where mining was carried out to a deep of 3,000 meters (9,800 ft). It was the task of the Museums to gather and conserve for future generations all the materials intended to depict the histories of medical science in general and medical science in South Africa in particular.
Constitutional Hill, Johannesburg. Kunstgalerie Johannesburg. Renamed after the former President Mandela's family, the subject of the Mzabalazo is South Africa's trip to democratic life. Situated on the University of the Witwatersrand grounds in Braamfontein[66], this unique collection contains some outstanding specimens of South Africa's cliff arts and human ancestry.
It is the only nature conservation area in Johannesburg, which is uncommon as all other large South African towns have large nature conservation areas. It is home to many of South Africa's most important concerts, such as the Johannesburg stage of RAMFest,[67][68][69][70]In The City[71] and many concerts and concerts. 72 ][73][74][75][76][77][78][79] Johannesburg is home to several highly praised bands such as Kongos, Johnny Clegg, Zebra & Giraffe, Man As Machine, The Parlotones and ShortStraw.
Gothenburg is home to an impressive array of fine arts. Johannesburg is a multifaceted and developing town with a lively arts community and a wide array of works ranging from sculpture and wall painting to works by international acclaimed artist such as William Kentridge and Gerhard Marx's Fire Walker. Some of them are functionally designed, such as urban furnishings in Hillbrow and the downtown area.
Johannesburg's most favourite sport through attendance are federation soccer, crime, youth soccer, jogging and soccer. It has several Premier Soccer League (PSL) and National First Division teams. At the PSL, Johannesburg's top crews are all violent rivalries, including Kaizer Chiefs (called Amakhosi), Orlando Pirates (called the Buccaneers), Moroka Swallows and Wits University (called the Clever Boys).
Soccer City, the host of the 2010 FIFA World Cup? finals, will host several major football leagues and cups. Alexandra United and Katlehong City will be playing at Alexandra and Reiger Parkstadion. The Highveld Lions represented Johannesburg in crime, the remainder of Gauteng and Northwest Province in Wanderers Stage, which hosted the 2003 Australian World Championship Finals, where Australia successfully held its championship against India.
The Wanderer Stadium housed the biggest ODI game of all time for many crime football enthusiasts, in which South Africa successfully watched 434 races. Gothenburg also host games and the ICC World Trophy final20 in 2007, in which India won against Pakistan in the finals. Lions, formerly Cats, represented Johannesburg, North West and Mpumalanga in the Southern Hemisphere Super Rugby Contest, which brings together South African, Australian, Argentinean, Japanese and New Zealand clubs.
You are in Ellis Park Stadium, where the 1995 IRB Rugby World Cup Final took place, where the South African Springboks beat the New Zealand All Blacks. Whereas the goldmine no longer operates within the boundaries of the town, most mine operators still have their head office in Johannesburg. Johannesburg has Africa's biggest bourse, the JSE, although it has left the main shopping area.
Because of its economical importance, the town is the headquarters of the state administration and the location of a number of federal agencies as well as consulates and other institutes. Sustained economy and demographic expansion depend on programs to redirect irrigation from other parts of South Africa and the Lesotho Plateau, the largest of which is the Lesotho Highlands Project, but at the beginning of the 21 st centuries extra resources are needed.
Johannesburg's biggest malls in terms of GLA (gross lettable area, the standard measurement of center dimensions set by the International Council of Business Centers) are Sandton City, Eastgate, Mall of Africa, Westgate and Cresta. Further centers are Hyde Park Corner, Rosebank, Southgate, The Glen Shoppers Center, Johannesburg South and Clearwater Mall.
Midrand also had a plan to construct a large mall, the so-called Zonk'Izizwe Resort, which will be postponed for an indefinite period due to the opening of the Mall of Africa. "Zonk'Izizwe" means "All Nations" in Zulu, suggesting that the center does justice to the city's varied blend of tribes and race.
Alexandra, Wynberg, Sandton; Province F: downtown; Province G: Orange Farm, Ennerdale, Lenasia. In 1997 the Greater Johannesburg Metropolitan Council adopted a new crest and in November 1997 recorded it with the Bureau of Heraldry. Gothenburg has a well-developed university system with a number of institutions of higher learning, both privately and publicly owned.
The Johannesburg campus is run by the publicly funded U.S. Departments Union of the Witwatersrand and U.S. Department of State. Johannesburg was founded on January 1, 2005, when three distinct institutions and campsites - Rand Afrikaans and Technikon Witwatersrand as well as Vista University's Johannesburg Campus - joined forces. Most of the training at the new campus will be in English and Afrikaans, with classes available in any of South Africa's major language pairs.
University of the Witwatersrand is one of Africa's premier universities[96] and known as the center of opposition to the apartheid. University of Pretoria's Gordon Institute of Economic Science provides education at the University's Gordon Institute in Illovo, Johannesburg. There are also many privately owned college institutions in Johannesburg, such as Damelin,[97]CTI,[98]Lyceum College[99] and the Monash University campus [100] in Southern Africa (six of the other camps ites are in Australia, while the eight is in Malaysia), as well as the Midrand Graduate Institute[101] in Midrand.
There are also several filmmaking academies in Johannesburg, one of which was awarded the 2006 Oscar for Best Foreign Student Movie. 102 ] The South African School of Motion Picture and live Performances, AFDA for brief, is located in Auckland Park. There are also three teachers' education centres and a university of applied sciences in Johannesburg.
While Johannesburg is not known as a traditional travel stop, it is a gateway for connections to Cape Town, Durban and the Kruger National Park. As a result, most of South Africa's internationals visit Johannesburg at least once, which has resulted in the emergence of several tourism destinations.
The Carlton Centre in the southeast of the CBD, which has a viewing platform on the fiftieth story, gives the visitor a feel for the design of the town. With 223 meters it is the highest in Africa and offers a wide view of the town and its surroundings.
Located near Johannesburg, the Museum Africa tells the story of Johannesburg and houses a large museum of petroglyph. Another great attraction for visitors is Gold Reef Town, a thematic centre that presents turn of the last millennium coal mine activity, complete with an underworld mine walk; other highlights are a large pleasure centre and a favourite folk dance.
At the cultural level, the town has several arts galleries, such as the Johannesburg Gallery, which has shown landscapes of Southern Africa and Europe and works of representational painting. Famous for its production of anti-apartheid games in the seventies and eighties, the Market Theatre ensemble has become a center for contemporary dramatic education in southern Africa.
Joburg Theater is South Africa's leading "reception house" for living entertainments - with first-class theaters, both locally and internationally. Shoppers are often fond of shops because the town has a number of places and attractions, from many upscale centres such as Sandton Town, Mall of Africa and Nelson Mandela Square to various souvenir and arts shops and jumble sales outlets such as Eastern Plaza and Rosebank Flohmarkt.
Visitors also go to the "Mai Mai Market"[103] ("Ezinyangeni" - the place of the healing people; situated in the east part of the town center ), which is devoted to local plants and herbalists. Twenty-five kilometers north-west of the town lies the cradle of mankind, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Further sights in this area are the Lesedi Cultural Village, while Magaliesburg and Hartbeespoort Dam are Johannesburg's most favourite weekends (and holidays). Origin Centre Museum, see below, shows the origin of humanity in Africa and hosts an expansive library of cliff arts. The Johannesburg region offers various opportunities for those who wish to observe the game.
Johannesburg Zoo is one of the biggest zoos in the country. Krügersdorp is a 1500 ha wildlife sanctuary, only 40 minutes by car from the center of the town. The Löwenpark sanctuary, next to the cultural village of Lesedi, is home to over 80 animals. The Klipriviersberg Natural Park is located in the southern part of the town, 11 km from the town center, and is home to large animals and walking paths.
Gothenburg is a twin city: Returned on July 17, 2018. Johannesburg (South Africa). Brought back on December 9, 2010. Classification of the city foundation in South Africa from Floyd (1960:20-26) (PDF). pp. xlv-lii. Johannesburg Main Place. "Addons South Africa. </ i>: Urban population. Brought back on April 17, 2015. 2013. p. 1.
Archives from the Genuine (PDF) on January 11, 2015. Bounced back on January 1, 2015. <font color="#ffff00">Global Downtown G.P.D. 2014 <font color="#ffff00">-==- proudly presents Archives from the originals on 4 June 2013. Returned on November 18, 2014. Returned on July 2, 2010. Johannesburg. Returned on May 25, 2015. <font color="#ffff00">-==- proudly presents
South Africa Statistics. Returned on November 27, 2017. Ritchie, Kevin (July 2, 2012). Rissik Street Post Office Johannesburg - The Heritage Portal. www.theheritageportal.co.za. Filed copy. Archives from the orginal from 11. November 2013. Returned on May 16, 2017. Origin of the Black People of Johannesburg and the Southern Western Central Transvaal, 300-1880 A.D.
Returned on August 25, 2017. What was Johannesburg called? City of Johannesburg website. Archives from the originals on 17 April 2015. Brought back on April 17, 2015. Historical African archaeologies. Returned on May 7, 2013. An incisive historical dictionary of the greater Johannesburg area. Victor Hunt (December 7, 2013). "Johannesburg: Building the city on gold".
It'?s a story about Johannesburg: Returned on May 7, 2013. Fight for Johannesburg. Brought back on April 17, 2015. Johannesburg's battlefields" (PDF). Brought back on April 17, 2015. "Johannesburg." Johannesburg Story. Returned on July 2, 2010. Southern Mobs Kill Immigrants. Returned on May 19, 2008. Past ruins: Industrial heritage in Johannesburg.
Maboneng, The Hart and Sense of the Town of Joburg. Returned on December 3, 2017. Bounced 2018-04-24. "Johannesburg." Returned on November 8, 2016. Johannesburg & Gauteng Weather and Climate. Returned on April 14, 2013. Johannesburg ultraviolet index. Awareness. Archives from the Genuine on 22 December 2015. Returned on December 13, 2015.
Archive from the orginal from 29. June 2007. Returned on July 16, 2007. "``The snows of the town delight the inhabitants of Jo'burg.````" World Weather Information Service - Johannesburg. Brought back on April 8, 2013. Johannesburg/Jan Smuts 1961-1990 climatic normal. Brought back on April 8, 2013. Climatic Dates for Johannesburg. Southern African Meteorological Service. Archives from the originals on 8 March 2010.
Brought back on March 6, 2010. Johannesburg, South Africa (1886--) - The Black Past: Returned on November 30, 2015. The state of African cities 2014. Archives from the originals on 10 September 2014. Africa, Statistics South (2011). South Africa Statistics. Census 2011 - Johannesburg Capital. census2011.adrianfrith.com. Johannesburg Main Square.
2011 Southeast African Census. Returned on April 27, 2018. Returned on November 17, 2016. Smith, David (July 12, 2013). "The Johannesburg government blames the advertising for the world-class city." Returned on July 15, 2013. the Johannesburg Citys Parks. Returned on September 29, 2008. Sout Africa's offizielles Portal - Investition, Reise, Länderinformationen". Archives from the originals, February 3, 2018.
Returned on May 25, 2015. Bounced back on December 28, 2017. Railway 150 years in South Africa" (PDF). Brought back on September 19, 2010. Returned on July 15, 2013. Personnel Reviewer (10 May 2013). Returned on July 15, 2013. <i > ; ^ a p a p d y "Ville de Johannesburg - Arts, culture et patrimoine". Archives from the Genuine on 25 May 2015.
Returned on May 25, 2015. Returned on May 25, 2015. Kunsthalle Johannesburg. Returned on May 25, 2015. City of Johannesburg. Johannesburg Museums. Returned on July 2, 2010. Center of origin. Archives from the orginal on 10 December 2008. Returned on May 10, 2009. Returned on March 5, 2013. Johannesburg, South Africa (12 March 2011).
Returned on March 5, 2013. Johannesburg, South Africa (10 March 2012). Returned on March 5, 2013. Ramfest 2013 line-up. January 21, 2013. Returned on March 5, 2013. "Daily Maverick, U2 Johannesburg, the world's greatest show." January 5, 2013. Archives from the originals on 7 January 2013.
Returned on January 7, 2013. FNB Stadium - Rolling Stone South Africa" electrified by Red Hot Chili Peppers. www.rollingstone.co.za. The Johannesburg Development Agency. Archives from the Genuine (PDF) on April 1, 2017. Returned on March 31, 2017. The Johannesburg Development Agency. Returned on March 31, 2017. History of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange - Property24.com. www.property24.com. Returned on February 18, 2016.
Fall into serious criminality in Jo'burg, Mail & Guardian Online, July 7, 2006. Press release of August 6, 2006, City of Johannesburg demands internal brand consulting from Global Gurus. â??A killer injury record in Southern Africaâ? (PDF). Southwest African Medical Research Council, art. 49. Archives from the Genuine (PDF) on 26 July 2011.
Brought back on October 22, 2009. Returned on May 25, 2015. GREENSTONE MALL: BENTEL INTERNATIONAL: Architect Africa Feature Page. Archives from the orginal from 8. December 2005. Returned on July 2, 2010. Returned on July 2, 2010. Johannesburg City. Archives from the orginal from 27. June 2006. "DA's win when Herman Mashaba was voted Mayor of Johannesburg". ewn.co.za.
Returned on January 15, 2017. Archives from the originals on August 14, 2011. Returned on 26 May 2011. Archives from the orginal on 6 October 2011. Returned on May 19, 2013. Returned on May 19, 2013. College South Africa SA Colleges. Returned on May 19, 2013. Please get in touch with us at Monash South Africa.
Archives from the originals on 12 May 2013. Returned on May 19, 2013. Returned on May 19, 2013. The Ann van Dyk Cheetah Centre - De Wildt. Returned on May 25, 2015. The Nearest Faraway Place, Johannesburg, South Africa. rhinolion.co.za. Archives from the originals on 22 November 2012. Returned on January 15, 2017.
joburg.org.za. ^ a p e r d e f g g e p r o d "City of Johannesburg - Making Joburg an entrance point in Africa". Archives from the originals on 1 February 2014. Returned on November 30, 2015. New York town. Archives from the originals on August 14, 2013. Returned on December 16, 2012.