How many Islands in Micronesia
Like many islands in MicronesiaIn order to make a country of many islands, we must be respectful of the variety of our culture. We are supported by our islands, our islands make us bigger and more powerful. The forefathers who lived on these islands did not drive other humans away. Micro-Ronesia began in the day when man was exploring the oceans in floats and mayoes.
Micronesia is a country created at a time when people travel between the seven skies; our own planet is an isle. This Constitution makes us, who were the guardians of other countries, the proud guardians of our own islands, now and forever. Federated States of Micronesia consists of the districts of the Archipelago of Micronesia that are ratifying this Constitution.
Except where restricted by commitments under public law of the Federated States of Micronesia or by their own action, the territorial territorial waters linking the islands of the Islands are inland watercourses, irrespective of their size, and the jurisdictions extend to 200 nautical mile areas, those of appropriate base lines, sea floor, subsurface, head of the sea, island or mainland basins, terrestrial and maritime skies and any other areas or bodies of Micronesia, by historical law, customs or jurisprudence.
Every State shall consist of the islands of each district as they have been specified by legislation which entered into force immediately before the entry into force of this Constitution. National borders may be amended by Congress with the agreement of the participating state legislators. The territory may be added to the Federated States of Micronesia with the agreement of the Congress and by voting of the residents of the territory, if any, and by voting of the population of the Federated States of Micronesia.
A new state may be established and accepted with the same privileges, responsibilities and responsibilities as those provided for in this Constitution. The Constitution expresses the supremacy of the nation and is the highest act of the Federated States of Micronesia. Any action by the government that is contrary to this Constitution is void to the fullness of the dispute.
Immediately before this Constitution enters into force, a subject who is a resident of the Trust Territory and a district that ratifies this Constitution is a subject and a subject of the Federated States of Micronesia. An individual who has been birthed by a parent, one or both of whom are nationals of the Federated States of Micronesia, is a subject and a subject of the Federated States from its inception.
Citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia who are recognised as citizens of another country must enter their intention to stay citizens of the Federated States and to relinquish their nationality to another country within three years of their eighteenth anniversary or within three years of the entry into force of this Constitution, whichever is later.
Failure to observe this section will make him a Federal State of Micronesiaean. Citizens of the Trust Territory who become citizens of the United States of America within the meaning of the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Covenant may become citizens and citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia by appealing to a tribunal of the Federated States within six month from the date on which they became citizens of the United States.
Residence of a district that has not ratified this Constitution and was a resident of the Trust Territory immediately before the entry into force of this Constitution may become a subject of citizenship and citizenship of the Federated States of Micronesia by registering within 6 month after the entry into force of this Constitution or within 6 month after the age of 18.
The same legal safeguards may not be refused or affected on the basis of gender, racial or ethnicity, nationality, languages or inequalities. Citizens of the Federated States of Micronesia may move and move within the Federated States. There is nothing in this Constitution that deprives a person of the rôle or position of a conventional ruler, as recognised by customs and traditions, or that would prevent a conventional ruler from being recognised, honoured and endowed with official or operational rôles at any governmental or governmental levels, as required by this Constitution or by law.
A law may protect the customs of the Federated States of Micronesia. In the event that the defence of the Micronese custom is contested as a violation of Article IV, it is regarded as a mandatory public policy which justifies such a state intervention. Congress may, if necessary, set up a Chamber of Chiefs composed of ethnic chiefs from each State with such chiefs and elective members of States without such chiefs.
A state' s constitutional structure with conventional rulers can give it an energetic, operational part. An 18-year-old may take part in nationwide election. Congress prescribes a minimal length of stay and provides for electoral enrolment, incapacity to convict criminals and disqualifications for intellectual incapacity or madness.
There are three regimes in the Federated States of Micronesia: domestic, state and municipal. No State shall be obliged to form a new indigenous administration if none existed at the time of the entry into force of this Constitution. I hear a state has a democracy. An authority that has been explicitly assigned to the Member State or an undeniably domestic authority that is beyond the State' s powers of scrutiny is a State.
An authority which is not explicitly assigned to the state or forbidden to the states is a state authority. Drafting legislation by the Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia. This is a delegation to the Congress: a) to establish a system of domestic defence; (b) to sign agreements; (c) to govern migration, naturalisation and nationality; (d) to levy tax, customs and excise duty on imported goods; (e) to levy personal taxation; (f) to spend and settle currencies; (g) to govern banks, international and intergovernmental trade, insurances, the issuing and use of trading papers and transferable instruments, receivership and liquidation, as well as patent and copyright matters;
to ( ) (h) manage water transport and water transport except in the lagoon, lake and river; (i) impose exorbitant thresholds for large exposures; (j) introduce a domestic mail system; (k) purchase and manage new areas; (l) manage the area designated as the NCC; and to ( ) control the possession, research and use of the Federated States of Micronesia's maritime environment beyond 12 nautical mile of islands; (n) create and settle a nationwide system of services; (o) indict and dismiss the President, the Vice-President and the judges of the Supreme Court;
Promoting literacy and good healthcare by establishing minimal levels, co-ordinating government action in the field of external aid, educating and supporting states and supporting post-secondary outcomes. At the same time, the following authorities may be executed by the Congress and the States:
An agreement is approved by a ballot of two-thirds of the members of Congress, with the exception that an agreement that delegates great governmental authority of the Federated States of Micronesia to another administration also requires the consent of the legislators of two-thirds of the States. There is a uniform system of domestic taxation.
The net receipts from the minerals mined in accordance with section 2(m) shall be shared in equal shares between the respective state governments and the respective states. A President, Vice-President or Judge of the Supreme Court may be dismissed for betrayal, corrupt acts or acts of corrupt practice by a two-thirds majority of the members of Congress.
If the President or the Vice-President is dismissed, the Supreme Judicial Panel shall reconsider the ruling. If a Supreme Judiciary is repealed, the ruling shall be subject to the scrutiny of a separate judgment consisting of one arbitrator from each State nominated by the Head of State. At the invitation of the President, the extraordinary session of the International Criminal Tribunal shall be held.
Congress shall consist of one member chosen by each State on the grounds of State equity and other members chosen from Congress constituencies in each State divided by the people. An individual is not entitled to be a member of the Congress unless he or she is at least 30 years of age on the date of his or her elections and has been a national of the Federated States of Micronesia for at least 15 years and resides in the State from which he or she was chosen for at least 5 years.
An individual sentenced for a crime by a state or governmental tribunal shall not be entitled to be a member of Congress. Congress may change this rule or require further training; proficiency in England is not a requirement. The congress is to be re-divided at least every 10 years.
Each State shall be eligible for at least one member of Congress on the merits of the people, in proportion to the total number of members it elects. The State may stipulate that one of its offices shall be reserved for a conventional head of government who shall be appointed by law for a period of two years in place of a proxy appointed on the authority of the people.
An unoccupied position in Congress shall be vacant for the remainder of the year. No member of the Congress may exercise any other governmental function or work. A member may not be reelected or put into government offices or occupations established by local law during the period of his or her mandate and three years thereafter.
Congress may impose further limitations. Congress may impose an annuity and bonuses on members. A raise does not count for the Congress that decides it. Any member of Congress shall have the privilege of being arrested during his participation in the Congress and during its meetings, except in cases of betrayal, crime or violation of the fundamental rights of the State.
One member only replies to Congress for his testimony in Congress. Congress sits in a normal, open meeting, as required by law. An extraordinary meeting may be called at the invitation of the President of the Federated States of Micronesia or by the Chairman at the prior approval in writing of two-thirds of the members.
a) The Congress is the exclusive judges of the election and qualification of its members, may disciplin a member and may by 2/3 of the votes either suspect or exclude a member. b ) The Congress may adopt its own standing orders and elect a chairman from among its members. c) The Congress may enforce the presence and evidence of testimonies and the submission of papers or other issues before the Congress or any of its commissions.
Congress shall take and issue minutes of its work. Members may use their own languages if they are not proficient in English, and Congress must supply a localization. a) Congress cannot make any laws except by act and cannot pass any laws except by act. A draft law's enactment provision is "BE ITENACTED BY THE CONGRESS OF THE FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA:" A draft bill can only cover one topic that is reflected in its name.
Any law adopted by Congress shall be submitted to the President for ratification. In the event that he rejects the invoice, he must send it back to Congress with his objection within 10 workdays. In the event that Congress remains in its meeting for 10 or less working day or has postponed the meeting, it must send back the invoice within 30 day after submission.
Failure by the President to send back a bill within a reasonable time will make the President into a bill as if it had been passed. Execution by the President of the Federated States of Micronesia shall be exercised by the NC. It shall be appointed by Congress by a four-year mandate of a simple majority of all its members.
This is a power explicitly conferred on the President: a) to conscientiously carry out and enforce the terms of this Constitution and all applicable domestic legislation; b) to welcome all messengers and to manage external relations and domestic defence in accordance with applicable domestic legislation; d) to designate messengers with the Council and the approval of Congress; all Supreme Court and other legally required tribunals; the senior officials of the enforcement divisions in the domestic administration; and all other officials provided for by applicable legislation.
The ambassador and senior officials are for the President's sakes. About the President a) is Chief of State of the Federated States of Micronesia; c) performs the tasks prescribed by law. An individual is not entitled to become President unless he is a member of Congress for a four-year period of office, a national of the Federated States of Micronesia by childbirth, and a inhabitant of the Federated States of Micronesia for at least 15 years.
Following the presidential elections, the vice-president is appointed in the same way as the president, has the same qualification and works for the same time. Following the elections of the President and Vice-President, positions are announced in Congress. In the event that the position of President is not available or the President cannot exercise his function, the Vice-President shall become President.
In case both positions are void or one or both of them are not able to perform their functions, Congress provides by law for successors. Remuneration of the President or Vice-President may not be raised or lowered during his period of tenure. You may not serve in any other capacity or be compensated in any other way by the Federated States of Micronesia or any State.
a) If necessary to maintain international law, order, health or security, the President may proclaim a state of exception and enact appropriate ordinances at a moment of great urgency resulting from civilian unrest, acts of nature or imminent danger of armed conflict or riot. c) Within 30 workingdays from the Emergency Declarations, the Congress of the Federated States of Micronesia shall meet at the invitation of its Chairman or the President to consider the withdrawal, modification or renewal of the same.
If it does not expire, are withdrawn or are not renewed by own regulations, a statement of necessity is valid for 30-day. Jurisdiction of the domestic authorities lies with a Supreme Tribunal and the subordinate tribunals determined by law. and the supreme tribunal of the country.
Supreme Judges and Associated Judges of the Supreme Court shall be designated by the President with the consent of two-thirds of Congress. When the position is vacant or the Chief Judge does not make the nomination, the President shall designate an associated judge to serve as Chief Judge until the position is occupied or until the Chief Judge takes up his post again.
a) The Litigation Department of the Supreme Court shall have the initial and sole competence in cases involving officers of non-Governmental bodies, inter-State litigation, admirals or marine matters, and in cases where the NG is a political entity, except in the case of an interest in onshore. b ) In cases under this Constitution, pursuant to applicable laws or agreements, and in litigation between a State and a person of another State, between persons of different States and between a State or person thereof and a State, person or person abroad, the competent court shall be the same.
c) In case of simultaneous competence, the competent tribunal may be required bylaws. A Supreme Tribunal's Appeals Department may examine cases before domestic tribunals and cases before state or regional tribunals if they call for an understanding of this Constitutional Charter, domestic legislation or a contract. The Appeals Department of the Supreme Tribunal may, if a Land Constitutional Order so allows, examine other cases on the basis of an appeals to the Supreme Constitutional Tribunal in which a ruling may be made.
Where a case in a Constitutional or Tribunal of a State or District concerns an essential issue which requires the reading of the Constitution, domestic legislation or a contract, the Tribunal shall, at the request of one of the parties or ex officio, confirm the issue raised by the Appeals Department of the Supreme Tribunal. An Appeals Department of the Supreme Tribunal may adjudicate the case or refer it back for further action.
Supreme Judge is the supreme manager of the domestic legal system and may nominate an official exempted from public office. Supreme Judge shall issue and make public provisions applicable to the competent tribunals and may, as a general rule, modify them: a) subordinate domestic tribunals and the Supreme Tribunal's Litigation Department into geographic or operational departments; b) allocate magistrates among the departments of a tribunal and delegate specific tasks to pensioned Supreme Tribunal magistrates and state magistrates and other tribunals; c) lay down procedural regulations and means of proof; d) regulate the delegation of cases between state and domestic tribunals; f) otherwise regulate the management of domestic justice.
Congress contributes to the funding of state legal regimes and can continue to help. Judgments must be in accordance with this Constitution, Micronesia's practices and tradition and the micro-nesian society and geography. When making a ruling, a tribunal shall consul and make use of the resources of the Federated States of Micronesia.
a) Official monies procured or obtained by the domestic authorities shall be lodged in a General Fund or in a separate Fund of the Treasury. b ) The external aid obtained by the domestic authorities shall be lodged in an external aid fund. Each State shall be allocated a proportion equivalent to that of the Member State's own administration and that of any other State, unless a specific allocation is necessary because of the conditions or the specific character of the aid.
a) The President shall present to Congress an alternate date to be determined by law. It contains a full schedule of suggested expenditure, expected revenue and other funds available to the next financial year for the federal administration, together with supplementary information that Congress may need. Congress can change the state of the art in every area.
b ) No appropriations other than those proposed by the President for immediate adoption or to meet the operational costs of Congress may be adopted at last readings until the bill providing funds for the household has entered into force. c) The President may put a vote in any bill adopted by Congress, and the process in this case is the same as the rejection of an overall bill by the President.
a) The Auditor shall be nominated by the President with the Council and approval of the Congress. b ) The auditor audits and audits the accounting in each of the branches, departments, agencies or lawful authorities of the domestic governments and in other corporate bodies governed by law or non-profit organisations that receive official funding from the state.
c) The auditor is not subject to any kind of administration controls, with the exception that he reports to the Congress at least once a year. d ) The Congress may recall the Auditor by 2/3 of the votes for good cause. of Micronesia recognises the right of persons to be educated, provided with healthcare and provided with judicial assistance and takes all appropriate and necessary steps to render such assistance.
Radiopharmaceuticals, chemicals or other hazardous materials may not be examined, stockpiled, used or discarded without the explicit consent of the Federated States of Micronesia. There is a formal commitment by those governmental and state authorities to comply with the terms of this Constitution and to promote the basic tenets of unification on which this Constitution is based.
Non-nationals or companies that are not fully privately held may not purchase ownership of Micronesian lands or water. It is forbidden to sign a tenancy contract for the indefinitely use of real estate by a non-citizen, a company that is not fully in the possession of a citizen, or a state. of Micronesia seeks to renegotiate any treaty on the use of lands to which the United States of America has acceded.
Upon taking up office, all officers take an undertaking to comply with, encourage and endorse the statutes and the Constitution as required by the Act. Amendments to this Constitution may be suggested by a constituent assembly, a people' s action group or a congress in a way provided for by legislation. Proposals for amendments become part of the Constitution if they are adopted by 3/4 of the vote in each of the 3/4 of the States.
The Congress submits the matter to the electorate at least every 10 years: "Will there be a treaty to review or change the Constitution? In the event that the positive vote of the vast majority of the votes in favour of the matter is present, the representatives of the Conventions shall be elected at the next ordinary elections at the latest, unless the Congress provides for an early choice of representatives in a separate vote.
The Trust Territory shall remain in force unless it is incompatible with this Constitution or is changed or canceled. Any pleading, legal proceedings, procedure, civil or penal responsibility, proceedings, judgment, penalty, order, regulation, order, appeal, plea, defence, treaty, requirement, claim, right shall remain in full force and effect, unless they are altered in accordance with the terms of this Constitution.
Any right, duty, liability or agreement of the Trustee Territory Administration shall be vested in the Federated States of Micronesia, unless it concerns or favours a district administration that does not ratify this Constitution. A share of the assets owned by the Treuhand Territory Administration shall be assigned to the Federated States of Micronesia for safekeeping or dissemination in accordance with this Constitution.
It is possible for a grassroots administration and its agents to survive, even if its constitution or its authority is incompatible with it. In order to encourage an ordered passage to the terms of this Constitution, and until the state governors are in place, Congress shall resolve discrepancies between the charta and prerogatives of the grassroots and this Constitution.
The foregoing shall expire five years after the entry into force of this Constitution. Congress can ensure a seamless and ordered transfer to governance under this Constitution. The Constitution shall enter into force one year after the date of the ratification, unless the Congress of Micronesia sets an early date by common decision.
In the event that any of the provisions of this Constitution is in material conflict with the United Nations Charter or the Trust Agreement between the United States of America and the United Nations, such provisions shall not enter into force until the date of terminating the Trust Agreement.